Corriger l'erreur "Possible missing firmware" sous Debian

Qui n'a pas rencontrer cette erreur "Possible missing firmware" juste après une mise à jour de son Debian ?

Voici un petit exemple de message apparut sur mon écran juste après une mise à jour :

W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168f-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168f-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8105e-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-3.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168d-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168d-1.fw for module r8169

Certains pilotes de matériels sont fournis par leurs constructeurs respectifs mais sont "non open-source", il reste la propriété de leurs constructeurs. Donc pour corriger ce problème, il faut installer le paquet firmware-linux-nonfree.

En premier lieu, on ajoute à sources.list le dépôt non-free. En ligne de commande :

sed -i "s/main/main\ non-free/g" /etc/apt/sources.list

Ensuite, reste plus qu'à rafraîchir les dépôts avec la commande :

apt update

Puis on installe le paquet firmware-linux-nonfree avec la commande suivante :

apt install firmware-linux-nonfree

Voici les pilotes présents dans le paquet firmware-linux-nonfree (version 0.43 du paquet) :

3Com Typhoon firmware, version 03.001.008 (3com/typhoon.bin)
AdvanSys ASC-3550 firmware (advansys/3550.bin)
AdvanSys ASC-38C0800 firmware (advansys/38C0800.bin)
AdvanSys ASC-38C1600 firmware (advansys/38C1600.bin)
AdvanSys SCSI controller microcode (advansys/mcode.bin)
Agere/Prism/Symbol Orinoco firmware (AP mode), version 9.48 Hermes I (agere_ap_fw.bin)
Agere/Prism/Symbol Orinoco firmware (STA mode), version 9.48 Hermes I (agere_sta_fw.bin)
Chelsio T3 optical EDC firmware (AEL2005 PHY) (cxgb3/ael2005_opt_edc.bin)
Chelsio T3 twinax EDC firmware (AEL2005 PHY) (cxgb3/ael2005_twx_edc.bin)
Chelsio T3 twinax EDC firmware (AEL2020 PHY) (cxgb3/ael2020_twx_edc.bin)
Chelsio T3B protocol engine firmware, version 1.1.0 (cxgb3/t3b_psram-1.1.0.bin)
Chelsio T3C protocol engine firmware, version 1.1.0 (cxgb3/t3c_psram-1.1.0.bin)
Chelsio T3 main firmware, version 7.4.0 (cxgb3/t3fw-7.4.0.bin)
Chelsio T3 main firmware, version 7.10.0 (cxgb3/t3fw-7.10.0.bin)
Chelsio T3 main firmware, version 7.12.0 (cxgb3/t3fw-7.12.0.bin)
Chelsio T4 firmware, version 1.9.23.0 (cxgb4/t4fw-1.9.23.0.bin, cxgb4/t4fw.bin)
Chelsio T5 firmware, version 1.9.23.0 (cxgb4/t5fw-1.9.23.0.bin, cxgb4/t5fw.bin)
DAB-USB FPGA bitfile (dabusb/bitstream.bin)
DAB-USB firmware (dabusb/firmware.fw)
Xceive 5000 tuner firmware, version 1.6.114 (dvb-fe-xc5000-1.6.114.fw)
DiBcom dib0700 USB DVB bridge firmware, version 1.20 (dvb-usb-dib0700-1.20.fw)
Intel 82559 D101M microcode (e100/d101m_ucode.bin)
Intel 82559 D101S microcode (e100/d101s_ucode.bin)
Intel 82551-F and 82551-10 microcode (e100/d102e_ucode.bin)
ENE UB6250 MS Pro read/write firmware (ene-ub6250/msp_rdwr.bin)
ENE UB6250 MS init firmware (ene-ub6250/ms_init.bin)
ENE UB6250 MS read/write firmware (ene-ub6250/ms_rdwr.bin)
ENE UB6250 SD init stage 1 firmware (ene-ub6250/sd_init1.bin)
ENE UB6250 SD init stage 2 firmware (ene-ub6250/sd_init2.bin)
ENE UB6250 SD read/write firmware (ene-ub6250/sd_rdwr.bin)
kaweth/new_code.bin
kaweth/new_code_fix.bin
kaweth/trigger_code.bin
kaweth/trigger_code_fix.bin
Matrox G200 WARP engine microcode (matrox/g200_warp.fw)
Matrox G400/G550 WARP engine microcode (matrox/g400_warp.fw)
Multi-Tech USB CDMA modem firmware (mts_cdma.fw)
Multi-Tech USB EDGE modem firmware (mts_edge.fw)
Multi-Tech USB GPRS modem firmware (mts_gsm.fw)
Rage 128 CCE microcode (r128/r128_cce.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 7500/7600 series ME microcode (radeon/ARUBA_me.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 7500/7600 series PFP microcode (radeon/ARUBA_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 7500/7600 series RLC microcode (radeon/ARUBA_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 6800 series MC microcode (radeon/BARTS_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 6800 series ME microcode (radeon/BARTS_me.bin)
Radeon HD 6800 series PFP microcode (radeon/BARTS_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 6800 series SMC microcode (radeon/BARTS_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 CE microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_ce.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 MC microcode, version 1 (radeon/BONAIRE_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 MC microcode, version 2 (radeon/BONAIRE_mc2.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 ME microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_me.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 MEC microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_mec.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 PFP microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 RLC microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 SDMA microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_sdma.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950 series SMC microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 7790/8770/8950, 8100/8200/8300/8400 series, and "Mullins"/"Beema" IGP UVD microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_uvd.bin)
Radeon HD VCE microcode (radeon/BONAIRE_vce.bin)
Radeon HD 6300/6500/6800 series RLC microcode (radeon/BTC_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 6300 series MC microcode (radeon/CAICOS_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 6300 series ME microcode (radeon/CAICOS_me.bin)
Radeon HD 6300 series PFP microcode (radeon/CAICOS_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 6300 series SMC microcode (radeon/CAICOS_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 6900 series MC microcode (radeon/CAYMAN_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 6900 series ME microcode (radeon/CAYMAN_me.bin)
Radeon HD 6900 series PFP microcode (radeon/CAYMAN_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 6900 series RLC microcode (radeon/CAYMAN_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 6900 series SMC microcode (radeon/CAYMAN_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 5400 series ME microcode (radeon/CEDAR_me.bin)
Radeon HD 5400 series PFP microcode (radeon/CEDAR_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 5400 series RLC microcode (radeon/CEDAR_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 5400 series SMC microcode (radeon/CEDAR_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 5800/5900 series ME microcode (radeon/CYPRESS_me.bin)
Radeon HD 5800/5900 series PFP microcode (radeon/CYPRESS_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 5800/5900 series RLC microcode (radeon/CYPRESS_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 5800/5900 series SMC microcode (radeon/CYPRESS_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 5x00 series UVD microcode (radeon/CYPRESS_uvd.bin)
Radeon HD 8500M series and R5 M200 CE microcode (radeon/HAINAN_ce.bin)
Radeon HD 8500M series and R5 M200 MC microcode, version 1 (radeon/HAINAN_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 8500M series and R5 M200 MC microcode, version 2 (radeon/HAINAN_mc2.bin)
Radeon HD 8500M series and R5 M200 ME microcode (radeon/HAINAN_me.bin)
Radeon HD 8500M series and R5 M200 PFP microcode (radeon/HAINAN_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 8500M series and R5 M200 RLC microcode (radeon/HAINAN_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 8500M series and R5 M200 SMC microcode (radeon/HAINAN_smc.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series CE microcode (radeon/HAWAII_ce.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series MC microcode, version 1 (radeon/HAWAII_mc.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series MC microcode, version 2 (radeon/HAWAII_mc2.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series ME microcode (radeon/HAWAII_me.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series MEC microcode (radeon/HAWAII_mec.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series PFP microcode (radeon/HAWAII_pfp.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series RLC microcode (radeon/HAWAII_rlc.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series SDMA microcode (radeon/HAWAII_sdma.bin)
Radeon R9 290 series SMC microcode (radeon/HAWAII_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 5700 series ME microcode (radeon/JUNIPER_me.bin)
Radeon HD 5700 series PFP microcode (radeon/JUNIPER_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 5700 series RLC microcode (radeon/JUNIPER_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 5700 series SMC microcode (radeon/JUNIPER_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 8100/8200/8300/8400 series CE microcode (radeon/KABINI_ce.bin)
Radeon HD 8100/8200/8300/8400 series ME microcode (radeon/KABINI_me.bin)
Radeon HD 8100/8200/8300/8400 series MEC microcode (radeon/KABINI_mec.bin)
Radeon HD 8100/8200/8300/8400 series PFP microcode (radeon/KABINI_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 8100/8200/8300/8400 series RLC microcode (radeon/KABINI_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 8100/8200/8300/8400 series SDMA microcode (radeon/KABINI_sdma.bin)
Radeon R5/R7 IGP 200 series CE microcode (radeon/KAVERI_ce.bin)
Radeon R5/R7 IGP 200 series ME microcode (radeon/KAVERI_me.bin)
Radeon R5/R7 IGP 200 series MEC microcode (radeon/KAVERI_mec.bin)
Radeon R5/R7 IGP 200 series PFP microcode (radeon/KAVERI_pfp.bin)
Radeon R5/R7 IGP 200 series RLC microcode (radeon/KAVERI_rlc.bin)
Radeon R5/R7 IGP 200 series SDMA microcode (radeon/KAVERI_sdma.bin)
Radeon "Mullins"/"Beema" IGP CE microcode (radeon/MULLINS_ce.bin)
Radeon "Mullins"/"Beema" IGP ME microcode (radeon/MULLINS_me.bin)
Radeon "Mullins"/"Beema" IGP MEC microcode (radeon/MULLINS_mec.bin)
Radeon "Mullins"/"Beema" IGP PFP microcode (radeon/MULLINS_pfp.bin)
Radeon "Mullins"/"Beema" IGP RLC microcode (radeon/MULLINS_rlc.bin)
Radeon "Mullins"/"Beema" IGP SDMA microcode (radeon/MULLINS_sdma.bin)
Radeon HD 8500/8600/8700 series CE microcode (radeon/OLAND_ce.bin)
Radeon HD 8500/8600/8700 series MC microcode, version 1 (radeon/OLAND_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 8500/8600/8700 series MC microcode, version 2 (radeon/OLAND_mc2.bin)
Radeon HD 8500/8600/8700 series ME microcode (radeon/OLAND_me.bin)
Radeon HD 8500/8600/8700 series PFP microcode (radeon/OLAND_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 8500/8600/8700 series RLC microcode (radeon/OLAND_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 8500/8600/8700 series SMC microcode (radeon/OLAND_smc.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 6200/6300/7300 series ME microcode (radeon/PALM_me.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 6200/6300/7300 series PFP microcode (radeon/PALM_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 7800 series CE microcode (radeon/PITCAIRN_ce.bin)
Radeon HD 7800 series MC microcode, version 1 (radeon/PITCAIRN_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 7800 series MC microcode, version 2 (radeon/PITCAIRN_mc2.bin)
Radeon HD 7800 series ME microcode (radeon/PITCAIRN_me.bin)
Radeon HD 7800 series PFP microcode (radeon/PITCAIRN_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 7800 series RLC microcode (radeon/PITCAIRN_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 7800 series SMC microcode (radeon/PITCAIRN_smc.bin)
Radeon R100-family CP microcode (radeon/R100_cp.bin)
Radeon R200-family CP microcode (radeon/R200_cp.bin)
Radeon R300-family CP microcode (radeon/R300_cp.bin)
Radeon R400-family CP microcode (radeon/R420_cp.bin)
Radeon R500-family CP microcode (radeon/R520_cp.bin)
Radeon R600 ME microcode (radeon/R600_me.bin)
Radeon R600 PFP microcode (radeon/R600_pfp.bin)
Radeon R600-family RLC microcode (radeon/R600_rlc.bin)
Radeon R700-family RLC microcode (radeon/R700_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 5500/5600 series ME microcode (radeon/REDWOOD_me.bin)
Radeon HD 5500/5600 series PFP microcode (radeon/REDWOOD_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 5500/5600 series RLC microcode (radeon/REDWOOD_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 5500/5600 series SMC microcode (radeon/REDWOOD_smc.bin)
Radeon RS600 CP microcode (radeon/RS600_cp.bin)
Radeon RS690 CP microcode (radeon/RS690_cp.bin)
Radeon RS780 ME microcode (radeon/RS780_me.bin)
Radeon RS780 PFP microcode (radeon/RS780_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV610 ME microcode (radeon/RV610_me.bin)
Radeon RV610 PFP microcode (radeon/RV610_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV620 ME microcode (radeon/RV620_me.bin)
Radeon RV620 PFP microcode (radeon/RV620_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV630 ME microcode (radeon/RV630_me.bin)
Radeon RV630 PFP microcode (radeon/RV630_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV635 ME microcode (radeon/RV635_me.bin)
Radeon RV635 PFP microcode (radeon/RV635_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV670 ME microcode (radeon/RV670_me.bin)
Radeon RV670 PFP microcode (radeon/RV670_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV710 ME microcode (radeon/RV710_me.bin)
Radeon RV710 PFP microcode (radeon/RV710_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV710 SMC microcode (radeon/RV710_smc.bin)
Radeon RV710/RV730/RV740 UVD microcode (radeon/RV710_uvd.bin)
Radeon RV730/RV740 ME microcode (radeon/RV730_me.bin)
Radeon RV730/RV740 PFP microcode (radeon/RV730_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV730 SMC microcode (radeon/RV730_smc.bin)
Radeon RV740 SMC microcode (radeon/RV740_smc.bin)
Radeon RV770 ME microcode (radeon/RV770_me.bin)
Radeon RV770 PFP microcode (radeon/RV770_pfp.bin)
Radeon RV770 SMC microcode (radeon/RV770_smc.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 6400/6500/6600 series ME microcode (radeon/SUMO_me.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 6400/6500/6600 series PFP microcode (radeon/SUMO_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD IGP 6200/6300/6400/6500/6600/7300 series RLC microcode (radeon/SUMO_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 6x00/7500 series and IGP 6x00/7300 series UVD microcode (radeon/SUMO_uvd.bin)
Radeon HD 6370D/6380G/6410D ME microcode (radeon/SUMO2_me.bin)
Radeon HD 6370D/6380G/6410D PFP microcode (radeon/SUMO2_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series CE microcode (radeon/TAHITI_ce.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series MC microcode, version 1 (radeon/TAHITI_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series MC microcode, version 2 (radeon/TAHITI_mc2.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series ME microcode (radeon/TAHITI_me.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series PFP microcode (radeon/TAHITI_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series RLC microcode (radeon/TAHITI_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series SMC microcode (radeon/TAHITI_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 7900 series UVD microcode (radeon/TAHITI_uvd.bin)
Radeon HD 6500/6600/7500 series MC microcode (radeon/TURKS_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 6500/6600/7500 series ME microcode (radeon/TURKS_me.bin)
Radeon HD 6500/6600/7500 series PFP microcode (radeon/TURKS_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 6500/6600/7500 series SMC microcode (radeon/TURKS_smc.bin)
Radeon HD 7700 series CE microcode (radeon/VERDE_ce.bin)
Radeon HD 7700 series MC microcode, version 1 (radeon/VERDE_mc.bin)
Radeon HD 7700 series MC microcode, version 2 (radeon/VERDE_mc2.bin)
Radeon HD 7700 series ME microcode (radeon/VERDE_me.bin)
Radeon HD 7700 series PFP microcode (radeon/VERDE_pfp.bin)
Radeon HD 7700 series RLC microcode (radeon/VERDE_rlc.bin)
Radeon HD 7700 series SMC microcode (radeon/VERDE_smc.bin)
Tehuti network card firmware (tehuti/bdx.bin)
Broadcom BCM5703/BCM5704 TSO firmware (tigon/tg3_tso.bin)
Broadcom BCM5701A0 firmware (tigon/tg3.bin)
Broadcom BCM5705 TSO firmware (tigon/tg3_tso5.bin)
Broadcom BCM57766 firmware (tigon/tg357766.bin)
Conexant CX231xx core firmware (v4l-cx231xx-avcore-01.fw)
Conexant CX23418 APU firmware (v4l-cx23418-apu.fw)
Conexant CX23418 CPU firmware (v4l-cx23418-cpu.fw)
Conexant CX23418 ADEC firmware (v4l-cx23418-dig.fw)
Conexant CX25840 firmware (v4l-cx25840.fw)
Conexant CX23885 core firmware (v4l-cx23885-avcore-01.fw)
VIA VT6656 firmware (vntwusb.fw)